00181277

open access

Version of Record

ビルマシキ シャカイ シュギ ノ ホウカイ カテイ ノ ケイザイ ブンセキ

Economic Analysis of the Falling Process of Burmese Socialism

Japanese (日本語)

国際協力論集

6(2)

99-113

神戸大学大学院国際協力研究科

1998-12

2007-05-22

The Burmese economy began to decline again from the beginning of the 1980s mainly because of the deterioration of the performance of the State Economic Enterprises (SEEs)， stagnant agricultural production and reduction in exports. The current revenue as well as investments of the SEEs decreased continuously from 1983/84 to 1988/89. The increase in the production of paddy， the most important crop in Burma， also stopped in the former half of the 1980s， because the diffusion of the High-Yielding Varieties (HYV) of paddy had reached the saturation point about that time. Exports fell off in four consecutive years since 1984/85 to 1987/88. This not only caused the reduction in imports of capital goods， raw materials and spare parts for the SEEs， which led to their low operation rates， but also lowered the ability of the SEEs to repay foreign loans. On the other hand， the black markets in the informal sec-tor were flourishing in such large cities as Yangon and Mandalay， where smuggled goods from neighboring countries， mainly Thailand， were sold. However， it indicated the failure and defects of Burmese Socialism， so that the government could not admit the further growth of black marketeer. So， the government took measures of demonetaization two times in 1985 and 1987 ， for the purpose of giving a blow to merchants engaged in illegal business. But， as they hit not only “VIClOUS" merchants but also ordinary people， they brought about a great deal of distrust and dissatisfaction to the government among them. The various economic problems emerging in the first half and middle of the 1980s， closely linked with the structural problems of Burmese Socialism rather than temporary phenomenon. It showed that it was no longer possible to make Burma to develop further in the framework of Burmese Socialism.

紀要論文