00227275

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バレイショ キンエンシュ ニオケル シュ ノ ブンカ 12 Commersonianaグン 2バイシュ ト Tuberosaグン 2バイシュ ノ グンナイ オヨビ グンカン ノ ゲノム ルイエン カンケイ

English (英語)

神戸大学農学部研究報告

15(2)

203-216

神戸大学農学部

1983-01-30

2006-09-15

本文ファイルは、国立情報学研究所CiNiiより提供されたものです。

Genomic relationships in diploid species within each of the two series Commersoniana (COM) and Tuberosa (TUB) and between both were assessed by measuring crossability between the diploid species and by observing meiotic behaviors of the diploid hybrids and their tetraploid derivatives. The results obtained are summarized in the following. 1) The COM diploid species, except S. commersonii (cmm), were highly crossable with one another. All the diploid hybrids, apart from the ones involving cmm, had regular meiotic pairing, 12_I, in more than 96% of the cells at metaphase I, and showed considerably regular chromosome behaviors at subsequent stages to give pollen and seed fertilities as high as their parents. In the hybrids obtained using cmm, however, there was found the occasional occurrence of a tetrapartite association at diakinesis and also of laggards and chromatid bridges at anaphase I. Their fertilities were fairly reduced both in pollen and seed. All the amphidiploids from the diploid hybrids had higher multivalent frequencies than in their parental autotetraploids, except the one involving cmm which had significantly lower frequency. 2) The TUB diploid species also were crossed readily with one another. All the diploid hybrids showed 12_I in about 90% of the cells and were regular in subsequent behaviors. They were 70∿80% pollen stainable, except the dihaploid S. tuberosum×S. rybinii hybrid which had only 27.6%. The amphidiploids, with a few exceptions, formed multivalents at higher frequency than in their parental autotetraploids. 3) Inter-series crosses in the above two series succeeded readily, though showing a lower crossability than in the intra-series crosses. The diploid hybrids had 12_I in about 80% of the cells at metaphase I, but differed from the intra-series ones in possessing occasional heteromorphic bivalents and also in showing slightly higher frequencies of such irregularities as observed especially in the cmm hybrids at subsequent stages. Their fertilities were somewhat lower than those in the intra-series hybrids. In the amphidiploids there was found the multivalent formation at significantly high frequency as compared with their parental autotetraploids. 4) From the results obtained, it may be concluded as follows : the COM diploid species have highly homologous genomes, but the cmm genome is somewhat differentiated from them, although basically similar; the TUB diploid species also have highly homologous genomes; the diploid species of both series are closely related in possessing quite similar genomes; and the genome symbol AA is thus assigned to all of these species.

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