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ムハンマド・ビン・アブドゥルワッハーブのタクフィール観とジハード観

Japanese (日本語)

国際文化学研究 : 神戸大学大学院国際文化学研究科紀要

59

35-70

神戸大学大学院国際文化学研究科

2023-03

This paper examines the Wahhabi perception of religious politics. Previous studies on Wahhabism in the West regarded it as a radical imitation of ibn Taymīya, but they did not examine the original texts authored by bin ʿAbd al-Wahhāb. Although modern Islamic studies in the Arab world evaluate Wahhabism as an "Islamic Moderation (Middle Way)", they also fail to analyze his real perceptions written in the original texts. Therefore, this paper aims to clarify bin ʿAbd al-Wahhāb’s perceptions on takfīr and jihād by examining his epistles and treatises collected in Ḥusayn bin Ghannām’ss History of Najd . After examination, it was confirmed that bin ʿAbd al-Wahhāb’s perception of takfīr shared all the moderate and cautious elements of "Islamic Moderation." In addition, it was confirmed that bin ʿAbd al-Wahhāb recognized that it was not he, but his religious opponents, who violated the tenets of tawḥīd and began labeling him a disbeliever (kufr) based on conjectures about him without correct knowledge of the Qurān, ḥadīth and tawḥīd. Bin ʿAbd al-Wahhāb’s perception of jihād was complex. He cited Qurānic verses and confirmed that jihād must be mobilized with caution. His perception of jihād also shared elements of "Islamic Moderation" or defensive jihād. Then what was bin ʿAbd al-Wahhāb’s true reason for fighting battles against Muslims, which is prohibited in Islam? He recognized that it was his religious opponents who made the first violent strike against him. He also regarded his religious opponents as betrayers who failed to confess tawḥīd al-ulūḥīya, which made them deserving targets of jihād.

ジハード

紀要論文