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日本−フィリピン防衛協力の進展要因 : 政策コミュニティと世論の分析から

Driving Forces of Japan-Philippines Defense Cooperation : Analysis of Policy Community and Public Opinion in the Philippines

Japanese (日本語)

国際協力論集

31

81-96

神戸大学大学院国際協力研究科

2023-12-20

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the development factors for defense cooperation between Japan and the Philippines, which seems to have gained a certain level of understanding and support in the communities of both countries from 2021 onwards. In order to strengthen and facilitate joint exercises, the two countries are even considering concluding a Reciprocal Access Agreement （RAA） or a Visiting Forces Agreement （VFA）, which require parliamentary approval in both countries. Why has there been rapid progress in discussions on defense dialogue, troop exchanges, including the dispatch of fighter jets, and even international agreements between the two countries? It is generally believed that the reason for this is that the Ferdinando Marcos Jr. administration, which came to power in June 2022, returned to a policy of cooperation with the United States, instead of inheriting the policy of its predecessor Duterte, who was critical of the United States. However, that alone cannot explain the fact that the first “2+2” meeting between Japan and the Philippines was realized in April 2022 during the Duterte administration. This paper will explain the progress of Japan-Philippines defense cooperation from the following three perspectives. First, among the Philippine foreign and defense policy elites, emergency disaster assistance by the Self-Defense Forces during the 2013 largescale Typhoon “Haiyan” is remembered, and there has been a willingness to conclude legally binding international agreements. The second point is that the Philippines was the country with the most suitable needs for Japan’s defense cooperation program for Southeast Asia after the second Abe administration. Third, the Philippine policy elites positively recognize Japan’s broader security cooperation such as the enhancement of maritime security capacity and disaster relief by the Japan Coast Guard and others, and considers Japan to be a“ harmless partner.”

紀要論文