81000764

open access

Version of Record

カンボジヤ ニオケル キョウイク ハッテン キソ キョウイク ノ ジュウジツ ト ガッコウ オ メグル ショカダイ

Educational Development in Cambodia : Improving Basic Education, and Some Issues of School Education

Japanese (日本語)

国際協力論集

16(1)

199-215

神戸大学国際協力研究科

2008-07

2008-10-10

Since the late 1990s, Cambodia has rapidly increased its education sector both quantitatively and qualitatively, and literature on educational development in this country has covered various topics. However, it still remains to be examined what are or will be the bottlenecks to expand access and to improve the quality of education. The purpose of this paper is to explore how the education sector of this country has been developed since the late 1990s and what the problems to be examined are for the achievement of Education for All by 2015. The analysis of the data revealed that one of the most serious problems was the gap between urban, and rural and remote areas. Compared to the situations in urban areas, those in rural and remote areas are quite disadvantaged: the repetition and dropout rates at the basic level, i.e. primary and lower secondary education, are far above the national average. Especially, some provinces such as Ratanak Kiri and Mondul Kiri Provinces that are located near the borders with neighbouring countries are seriously disadvantaged. Most of the population in rural and remote areas including the provmces mentioned above are economically inferior. The private costs of education in Cambodia are high compared to other neighbouring countries, and these costs become higher as one's grade in school advanced. Consequently, children from poorer families tend to drop out of school before finishing the full cycle of primary education. Moreover, ethnic group affiliation of this country may affect the educational gap between urban and the other areas. Highland minorities, most of whom are living m remote and other areas near the borders, have difficulties to understand Khmer, or the language of instruction at school, whereas at the basic level, many of the hours of teaching are spent for Khmer as a subject.

紀要論文