81004678

open access

Version of Record

エイコク ダイガク ノ カンリ ウンエイ ザイム ニカンスル ケンキュウ バーミンガム ダイガク ウォーリック ダイガク ノ ジレイ

Governance, Management and Finance System at British Universities : Case Studies on The Univeristy of Birmingham and The University of Warwick

Japanese (日本語)

大學教育研究

10

27-50

神戸大学大学教育研究センター

2002-03

2014-06-30

Within few years, every national university in Japan would have a status of an independent corporation. This will bring more autonomy and discretion to it, but, at the same time, make it more accountable and require it to stand its own foot. Thus, a national university has to have a completely new system of governance, management and finance. This should be efficient as well as accountable. In the United Kingdom all universities, old and new, are now legally independent corporations after Further and Higher Education Act 1992 was enacted. According to this Act, all universities are given legally independent status, but the governing system is different for old universities and new ones. For old universities that have been already given university status before 1992, the governing body is the Council, which has the absolute power. More than half of the Council members should be the independent members. And Vice-Chancellor is acting as the chief academic and executive officer, thus takes responsibility for day-to-day operation. The Senate has the power exclusively and only over academic matters and have the right to confer the degrees. In addition administrative staff are playing the crucial roles in management of the university as the professionals. For new universities that have given the university status by Further and Higher education Act 1992, the governing body is the Board of Governors whose power and function is similar to the Council. The Academic Board has the power over academic matters like the Senate, but does not have the right to confer the degrees unless the Board of Governors delegates it to the Academic Board. The British universities have three streams of income. The first stream is the standardized mode of financing which is allocated by the higher education financing councils based on the number of students , faculty and so on. The second stream is more competitive for research grants funded by research councils and contracts with the governments and companies. The third stream is from all other sources including funds from industry, government, foundations, and other income generating activities by the universities themselves. And the general trend in the United Kingdom, many universities shifted their source of income from the first stream to the second and third one. The University of Birmingham and the University of Warwick, at which we visited, have succeeded to diversify their source of income and the standardized funds are now only one third of the total income. Especially the University of Warwick is renown for it rigorous income generating activities including Warwick Manufacturing Group, Business School, Conference Centers and even a barber shop.

紀要論文