81006471

open access

Version of Record

タマネギ ノ ユウセイ フネン ニ カンスル ケンキュウ 1 ユウセイ フネン コタイ ノ ヤク ノ サイボウガクテキ ケンキュウ

Studies on the Male-Sterility of Onion (1) : Cytological studies on the anothers of male-sterile plants

Japanese (日本語)

兵庫農科大學研究報告. 農学編

1(2)

118-122

兵庫農科大学

1954-12

2014-06-04

The male-sterile plant of onion was found by Jones, H. A. in America and by Tatebe, T. in Japan, independently. Author, too, found the male-sterile plants of onion and top-onion in 1953,independently of them, and conducted the cytological studies of those anthers, Results obtained were as follows : 1. Behaviors of chromosomes of sterile plants in divisions of pollen mather cells showed no difference as compared with the normal plants. 2. While in the normal anthers, the tapetal cells disintegrated at tetrad stage, in the sterile plants, the tapetal cells did not disintegrate at this stage but developed abnormally. 3. In the sterile plants, the separated microspores degenerated at microspore stage and were adherent each other. 4. The tapetal cells of sterile plants also began to disintegrate, their plasm flowed out to pollensaces, and were conjugate with the microspores. 5. In the top-onion (Allium cepa, var. viviparum L.) there is no differentiation of pollen mather cell in most case, but a few plants have the pollen mather cells differentiated. In the latter, the tapetal cells abnormally develope and latter the microspores degenerate, so that no viable pollen was produced. No explain had given about the abnormal development of the tapetal cell in sterile plant. In the normal plants, the microspores were supplyed nutrients by disintegration of tapetal cells, consequently, it was necessary for microspores to develope that the tapetal cells disintegrated by tetrad state. But in the sterile plants, the microspospores were prevent from gaining nutrients by delay of disintegration of tapetal cells, and it may be reasonably assumed that there is close relationship between malesterile and abnormal development of its tapetal cells. No data about the inheritance of male-sterile plants of onion and top-onion was obtained by 1954,but since the abnormal development of tapetal cell was found, it is assumed that the inheritance is partially cytoplasmic and partially nuclear in nature. It is very interest to notice follow facts; the first, male-sterile plant described by Jones had the bulbils and the top-onion had, too; the second, the top-onion was the closely related plant with onion; and finally, male-sterility of onion may be naturally transfered from the top-onion.

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