81006497

open access

Version of Record

タバコ モザイクビョウ バイラス ノ ビョウゲンセイ ト コウゲンセイ トノ カンケイ

Relation between the Pathogenicity and Antigenicity of Tobacco Mosaic Virus

Japanese (日本語)

兵庫農科大學研究報告. 農学編

2(1)

63-68

兵庫農科大学

1955-12

2014-06-05

The writer has investigated the relation between the pathogenicity and antigenicity of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) making use of some physical treatments (X-ray, ultraviolet light, high temperature, ultra-short waves, alternating current and direct current). The virus preparation used in this work was the aqueous suspension of TMV which had been purified by BAWDEN's procedure. The pH of the virus preparations was 6.0∿6.2. The antiserum used was prepared by injecting rabbits with the purified TMV. The infectivity of the treated TMV was tested by the so-called half-leaf method on the leaves of Nicotiana glutinosa plants. In serological tests of TMV, the precipitin reaction was used. The mean wave-length of X-ray used was 0.4 A, and the wave-length of ultraviolet light employed was 2537 A. The frequencies of the ultra-short waves (wave-length : 5.0m) and alternating current used in this work were 60 megacycles per second and 50 cycles per second, respectively. The non-infective preparations of TMV which had been inactivated by X-ray and ultraviolet radiations always proved to be serologically active (Tables 1 and 2). It was moreover found, in the X-ray radiation, that the serological activities of irradiated preparations increased while the infectivity decreased (Table 1). The serological activity of TMV irradiated by ultraviolet light was completely lost when the doses of ultraviolet radiations were increased to more than 13×(10)^5μW, while the precipitin reaction of TMV irradiated with does of 2.6∿6.5×(10)^5μW became intensified as compared with the control. On the other hand, the survival curves of TMV irradiated by X-ray and ultraviolet light were shown by simple exponential curves. Consequently, these results seem to agree with the view that the inactivation of virus by ionizing radiation and ultraviolet light are caused by the absorption of a single ionization or a single ultraviolet quantum. The results of exposure of TMV to ultra-short waves resembled those of heat treatment of the virus (Tables 3 and 4), the infectivity of TMV being retained when heated at 80℃ for 10 minutes in either case. The serological reaction of the virus was demonstrated even when heated at 90℃ or 95℃ for 10 minutes in either experiment. In precipitin tests, however, the precipitates produced in the preparations exposed to temperatures above 80℃, being fine and not flocculent are apparently different from those induced by lower temperatures. The results of treatment of the virus with alternating current were similar to those of exposure of the virus to ultra-short waves or high temperatures (Table 5). The infectivity of TMV, however, was lost at temperatures higher than 70℃, and it seems that the virus may have been subject to some electrolytic effect. In the treatment of TMV with direct current, the infectivity and serological activity of the virus were completely destroyed even at temperature of 60℃ for 10 minutes (Table 6). This finding may indicate the probability that the effect of direct current upon TMV is attributable to the action of electrolysis regardless of the rising temperature.

紀要論文